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Distinguish Different Types Of Speakers According To The Box Structure

Distinguish Different Types Of Speakers According To The Box Structure

author: Ada Wu
2022-12-12
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Distinguish Different Types Of Speakers According To The Box Structure




 

According to box structure

It can be divided into sealed sound box, inverted sound box, labyrinth sound box, sonic tube sound box and multi cavity resonant sound box.

Among the professional speakers, the most commonly used is the inverted phase speaker, which is characterized by wide frequency response, high efficiency, and high sound pressure. It conforms to the type of professional creative surround sound speakers. However, because of its low efficiency, it is less used in professional speakers, mainly for household speakers, and only a few monitoring speakers use a closed box structure.

The sealed loudspeaker has the advantages of simple design and manufacture, wide frequency response, good low-frequency transient characteristics, etc., but it has high requirements for the dialer unit. In all kinds of small powered speakers, the inverted and sealed speakers account for the majority of the proportion, while other types of speakers have many structural forms, but the proportion is very small.


1. Closed enclosure is the simplest loudspeaker system. The 1923 proposal was proposed by Frederick and consists of loudspeaker units installed in a fully sealed box. It can completely isolate the forward radiation sound wave and the backward radiation sound wave of the loudspeaker. However, due to the existence of the closed box, the rigidity of the resonance generated by the moving mass of the loudspeaker is increased, and the lowest resonant frequency of the loudspeaker is increased.

Closed speakers have good sound reproduction and good bass analysis. When using ordinary hard folding ring speakers, in order to obtain satisfactory bass reproduction, large boxes with large volume are required. Most new closed speakers use high compliance speakers with appropriate Q value.

With the elastic effect of compressed air quality enclosed in the box, although the speaker is installed in a smaller box, the air cushion behind the cone basin will exert a reaction force on the cone basin, so this small enclosed speaker is also called an air cushion speaker.


2. Bass Reflex Enclosure, also known as Acoustic Phase Inverter, was invented by Thuras in 1930. In its load, there is a sound outlet opening on a panel of the box. The opening location and shape are various, but most of the holes are also equipped with sound conduits. The relationship between the internal volume of the box and the hole of the acoustic duct, according to the principle of resonance, produces resonance at a specific frequency, which is called the anti resonance frequency. 

The sound wave radiated backward from the small loudspeaker is inverted through the duct, radiated forward from the sound outlet, and superposed with the sound wave radiated forward from the loudspeaker in the same phase.

It can provide wider bandwidth, higher sensitivity and less distortion than the closed type. Ideally, the lower limit of the low frequency playback frequency can be as much as 20% lower than the speaker resonance frequency. This kind of speaker can reproduce rich bass with a smaller box, which is the most widely used type.


3. Acoustic Resistance Enclosure is essentially the deformation of an inverted sound box. It is filled in the sound outlet duct with sound absorbing materials or structures, which acts as a semi closed box to control the inversion and buffer, so as to reduce the anti resonant frequency and broaden the bass playback frequency band.


Part 2



 

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